<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2">
  <front>
    <article-meta>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Хранение экспонатов с химическими волокнами</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ермакова</surname>
            <given-names>Нина Владимировна</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <abstract>
        <p>В статье рассмотрены проблемы хранения музейных предметов из искусственных и синтетических волокон. Значительную роль в деградации полимерных материалов играет как внутренняя структура, образующаяся в результате синтеза из множества различных компонентов с помощью сложных и агрессивных технологий, так и многие внешние факторы: свет, влажность, состав воздуха, загрязнения, биологическое и механическое воздействие. Иногда продлить долговечность экспонатов этой группы позволяют стандартные параметры микроклимата музейных хранилищ, но большинство полимерных волокон из-за своей нестабильности нуждаются в создании особых режимов хранения. Для разработки индивидуальных рекомендаций требуется определить причины, степень и тип деградации материалов, чтобы исключить неблагоприятное влияние основных факторов разрушения. К сожалению, создать условия, замедляющие процесс старения химических волокон, не всегда удается, и в отношении их будущего важно быть реалистами и успеть запечатлеть память об артефактах, теряющих свою первоначальную функцию в материальном или эстетическом смысле. Для сохранения социокультурной и исторической информации, содержащейся в объектах этой группы, хранителями и реставраторами было предложено несколько решений.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>деградация</kwd>
        <kwd>искусственные нити</kwd>
        <kwd>полимеры</kwd>
        <kwd>синтетические материалы</kwd>
        <kwd>социокультурная и историческая информация</kwd>
        <kwd>химические волокна</kwd>
        <kwd>хранение</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body />
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <br />
      <ref id="B1">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="confproc">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Ермакова Н. В.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Хребтова Ю. В.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Проблемы сохранности текстильных экспонатов с химическими нитями</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Современное состояние и перспективные подходы к реставрации, экспертизе и консервации художественных произведений: Сб. научных трудов III Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (с международным участием). 23 мая 2024 г.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2024</year>
          <br />
          <fpage>107</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>112</lpage>
          <br />
          <publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «РГУ им. А.Н. Косыгина»,</publisher-name>
          <br />
          <publisher-loc>М.</publisher-loc>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B2">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Ермакова Н. В.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Факторы, влияющие на сохранность музейных предметов из химических волокон</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Художественное наследие. Исследования. Реставрация. Хранение. Art Heritage. Research. Storage. Conservation. Международ. сетевое рецензируемое науч. издание.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2025</year>
          <br />
          <issue>1</issue>
          <br />
          <fpage>7</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>20</lpage>
          <br />
          <publisher-name>ГОСНИИР</publisher-name>
          <br />
          <publisher-loc>М.</publisher-loc>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B3">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Министерство культуры Российской Федерации.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <source> Приказ от 23 июля 2020 г.№827 «Об утверждении единых правил организации комплектования, учета, хранения и использования музейных предметов и музейных коллекций».</source>
          <br />
          <uri>https://culture.gov.ru/upload/iblock/ac2/ac227c6e422b33b87a9e37c317031063.pdf/</uri>
          <br />
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date" iso-8601-date="2025-08-05">2025-08-05</date-in-citation>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B4">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="confproc">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Heinrich D.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Waentig F.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Raincoats in need: Cleaning and storage of 20th century raincoats made from plasticized polyvinyl chloride</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Semi-synthetic and Synthetic Textile Materials in Fashion, Design and Art: ICOM-CC Modern Materials and Contemporary Art &amp; Textiles Working Groups Virtual Joint Interim Meeting 21 – 23 February 2023.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2023</year>
          <br />
          <fpage>30</fpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B5">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="confproc">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Silva M.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Investigating cellulose nitrate degradation caused by fungal attack</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (Eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference</source>
          <br />
          <year>2006</year>
          <br />
          <fpage>72</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>76</lpage>
          <br />
          <publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B6">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Ziarsolo A. P.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Plastics in fashion: a review of plastic materials in modern and contemporary costume collections and their conservation</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Conservar Património.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2023</year>
          <br />
          <issue>43</issue>
          <br />
          <fpage>113</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>143</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B7">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Cheung A.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>A study of sequins on a Cantonese opera stage curtain</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>122</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>127</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B8">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Petzold L.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Early elastic threads and fibres in clothing</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>48</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>52</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B9">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Fenn J.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Scott Williams R.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <source>Caring for plastics and rubbers.</source>
          <br />
          <uri>https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/preventive-conservation/guidelines-collections/caring-plastics-rubbers.html</uri>
          <br />
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date" iso-8601-date="2025-08-23">2025-08-23</date-in-citation>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B10">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Skals I.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Shashoua Y. R.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Sticky oilskins and stiffened rubber: new challenges for textile conservation</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>84</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>91</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B11">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Bechthold T.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Wet look in 1960s furniture design: degradation of polyurethane-coated textile carrier substrates </article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>128</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>133</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B12">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Garside P.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Lovett D.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Polyurethane foam: investigating the physical and chemical consequences of degradation</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>77</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>83</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B13">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="confproc">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Mcvicker M.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Castaneda A.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Plastics under cover: Silicone release paper covers for synthetic leather garments</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Semi-synthetic and Synthetic Textile Materials in Fashion, Design and Art – ICOM-CC Modern Materials and Contemporary Art &amp; Textiles Working Groups Virtual Joint Interim Meeting 21 – 23 February 2023.</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>26</fpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B14">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Howard S.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Working with synthetic fibres: the response of textile conservation to twentieth-century dress</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Textile Conservation: Advances in Practice / ed. F. Lennard,P. Ewer.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2010</year>
          <br />
          <fpage>221</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>226</lpage>
          <br />
          <publisher-name>Elsevier Ltd.</publisher-name>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B15">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Apchain E.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>A comparison between TGA, SEM-EDX and Raman spectroscopy to assess PVC plasticizer loss / E. Apchain, A. Royaux, O. Fichet, S. Cantin</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Journal of Cultural Heritage</source>
          <br />
          <year>2022</year>
          <br />
          <issue>57</issue>
          <br />
          <fpage>79</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>87</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B16">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="confproc">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Lovett D.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Eastop D.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>The degradation of polyester polyurethane: preliminary study of 1960s foam laminated dresses</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>Studies in conservation. 2004. Vol. 49. Issue sup2: “Modern Art, New Museum: Contribution to the Bilbao Congress 13 – 17 September 2004”.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2004</year>
          <br />
          <fpage>100</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>104</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B17">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Hodson A.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>The pits of despair? A preliminary study of the occurrence and deteriorationof rubber dress shields</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>107</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>114</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B18">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Baker R.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Storage issues for contemporary textile art: a solution for one example</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>134</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>136</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B19">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <br />
          <article-title>Care and Identification of Objects Made from Plastic</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>National Park Service. Conserve O Gram.</source>
          <br />
          <year>2010</year>
          <br />
          <issue> 8/4</issue>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B20">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <br />
          <source>The Conservation of Plastics</source>
          <br />
          <uri>https://plastiquarian.com/?page_id=14326</uri>
          <br />
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date" iso-8601-date="2025-08-07">2025-08-07</date-in-citation>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B21">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Quye А.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Quality matters for historical plastics: the past-making of cellulose nitrates for future preservation</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>From Bench to Brand and Back: The Co-Shaping of Materials and Chemists in the Twentieth Century / P. Teissier, C. C.M. Mody, Van B. Tiggelen (eds.). Cahiers François Viète. Série III.</source>
          <br />
          <issue>2</issue>
          <br />
          <fpage>58</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>61</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B22">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Palmer A.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>“A bomb in the collection”: researching and exhibiting early 20th-century fashion</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>41</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>47</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B23">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <br />
          <source>The Secret Life of Textiles: Synthetic Materials.</source>
          <br />
          <uri>https://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2017/secret-life-of-textiles-synthetic</uri>
          <br />
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date" iso-8601-date="2025-08-09">2025-08-09</date-in-citation>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B24">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Rogerson C.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Beigthon J.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Can an artist create permanence from transience? The Schmuck Quickies of Yuka Oyama become durable</article-title>
          <br />
          <source>The future of the 20th century…</source>
          <br />
          <fpage>11</fpage>
          <br />
          <lpage>17</lpage>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B25">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="chapter">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Shashoua Y.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <article-title>Conservation of plastics: materials science, degradation and preservation.</article-title>
          <br />
          <source></source>
          <br />
          <year>2008</year>
          <br />
          <fpage>228</fpage>
          <br />
          <publisher-name>Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann.</publisher-name>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
      <ref id="B26">
        <br />
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <br />
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <br />
            <name>
              <br />
              <surname>Quye А.</surname>
              <br />
            </name>
            <br />
          </person-group>
          <br />
          <source>Modern Material Artefacts: a new postgraduate programme for a new era.</source>
          <br />
          <uri>http://textileconservation.academicblogs.co.uk/modern-material-artefacts-a-new-postgraduate-programme-for-a-new-era/</uri>
          <br />
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date" iso-8601-date="2024-12-07">2024-12-07</date-in-citation>
          <br />
        </element-citation>
        <br />
      </ref>
      <br />
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>