DOI: 10.24412/2782-5027-2025-1-7-20

Ermakova N. V. Factors affecting for the safety of museum objects made of chemical fibers

Ermakova Nina V. — Candidate of Historical Sciences; The State Research Institute for Restoration, leading specialist of Department of Scientific Restoration of Works of Applied Art
E-mail: nvl-ermakova@mail.ru

The article discusses the main causes of degradation of regenerated and synthetic materials (woven and non-woven) included in the structure of museum objects from the collections of decorative and applied arts, the history of science and technology. Among exhibits of this group are objects of casual and sportswear, high fashion samples, shoes, protective suits, interior items (furniture, tapestries, curtains), works of modern art, toys. These artifacts visually reflect the development of technology and are important for materials science, art history, and design history. As the survey conducted in art, historical, local history, memorial and other domestic museums showed, the main problems of preservation of exhibits of this group are loss of shape and elasticity, embrittlement, delaminating, color change, the appearance of spots on the surface, splits, tears, sticky surface. The analysis of the causes of instability of regenerated and synthetic materials allowed us to establish that the factors affecting their safety are related to the internal structure of materials (degree of orientation of polymers, chain length, crystallinity) and their production processes, at the same time, the rate of degradation is largely determined by external factors such as light, temperature, humidity, oxygen content in the air and biological influence. The analysis carried out should contribute to the development of methods for the conservation of exhibits with chemical fibers, as well as determine the optimal restoration materials and operations that will help extend their stay in museum collections. The analysis carried out should contribute to the development of methods for the conservation of exhibits with chemical fibers in their structure, as well as determine the optimal restoration materials and operations that will help extend their stay in museum collections.

Conservation, crystallinity, degradation, degree of orientation of polymers, museum items, regenerated fibers, synthetic fibers.

PDFJATS

Источники

  1. Koulman E. E. Sohranenie kostyuma // Mezhdunarodnyj zhurnal «Museum» (YUNESKO). 1994. № 1 (179). S. 4 – 7.
  2. Howard S. Working with synthetic fibres: the response of textile conservation to twentieth-century dress // Textile Conservation: Advances in Practice / ed. F. Lennard, P. Ewer. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 2010. P. 221 – 226.
  3. Quye A. Modern Material Artefacts: a new postgraduate programme for a new era. — URL: http://textileconservation.academicblogs.co.uk/modern-material-artefacts-a-new-postgraduate-programme-for-a-new-era/ (data obrashcheniya 07.12.2024).
  4. Quye A. Quality matters for historical plastics: the past-making of cellulose nitrates for future preservation // From Bench to Brand and Back: The Co-Shaping of Materials and Chemists in the Twentieth Century / P. Teissier, C. C. M. Mody, B. Van Tiggelen (eds.). Cahiers François Viète. Série III. No 2. 2017. R. 45 – 65.
  5. ZHuravleva I. D. Tkani. Obrabotka. Uhod. Okraska. Applikaciya. Batik. M.: EKSMO, 2005. — 176 s.
  6. Kiryuhin S. M., SHustov YU. S. Tekstil`noe materialovedenie. M.: KolosS, 2011. — 360 s.
  7. Neelov V. V. Tkachestvo: ot pletel`nyh ram do mnogozevnyh mashin. M.: Legprombytizdat, 1986. — 175 s.
  8. Stanton A. How Can We Finally Move Away From Synthetic Fabrics? — URL: https://www.thegoodtrade.com/features/synthetic-fabric-plastic-pollution/ (data obrashcheniya 21.11.2024).
  9. Belyaeva O. A. Modifikaciya viskoznyh volokon s cel`[6] yu snizheniya goryuchesti: Dis. … kand. tekhn. nauk: 05.17.06. Saratov, 2010. — 126 s.
  10. Vidy sinteticheskih tkanej i ih primenenie // Upravlenie kachestvom. 2016. №7. S. 27 – 33.
  11. Robertson A. Interpreting the woven devoré textile // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 18 – 23.
  12. Stanton A. How Can We Finally Move Away From Synthetic Fabrics? — URL: https://www.thegood-trade.com/features/synthetic-fabric-plastic-pollution/ (data obrashcheniya 21.11.2024).
  13. K chitatelyam / red. kollegiya: A. A. Konkin (i. o. gl. redaktora) i dr. // Himicheskie volokna. 1959. №1. S. 1 – 2.
  14. Sohachevskaya V. V. Hudozhestvennyj tekstil`[8]: materialovedenie i tekhnologiya. M.: Gumanitarnyj izd. centr VLADOS, 2014. – 126 s.
  15. Bechthold T. Wet look in 1960s furniture design: degradation of polyurethane-coated textile carrier substrates // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 128 – 133.
  16. Uhanova P. «Iskusstvennaya» moda. Kak sintetika stala novym stilem. — URL: https://dzen.ru/a/Xv9OYOphA1Ntz808 (data obrashcheniya 18.11.2024).
  17. Quye A. Factors influencing the stability of man-made fibers: A retrospective // Polymer Degradation and Stability. 2014. September. P. 210 – 218.
  18. Tímár-Balázsy Á., Eastop D., Járó M. Chemical principles of textile conservation. Oxford, 1998. — 480 r.
  19. Petzold L. Early elastic threads and fibres in clothing // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 48 – 52.
  20. Sinha M. K., Christie R. M., Shamey R. The effect of acid dyes on the photodegradation of knitted conservation support net // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 92 – 99.
  21. Garside P., Brooks M. M. Probing the microstructure of protein and polyamide fibres // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 67 – 71.
  22. Van Oosten T., Joosten I., Megens L. Man-made fibres from polypropylene to works of art // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 61 – 66.
  23. Garside P., Lovett D. Polyurethane foam: investigating the physical and chemical consequences of degradation // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P. 77 – 83.
  24. Pekhtasheva E.L. i dr. Biopovrezhdeniya lubyanyh, iskusstvennyh i sinteticheskih volokon / E. L. Pekhtasheva, A. N. Neverov, G. E. Zaikov, V. I Butoveckaya. — URL: https:// cyberleninka.ru/article/n/biopovrezhdeniya-lubyanyh-iskusstvennyh-i-sinteticheskih-volokon/viewer (data obrashcheniya 27.11.2024).
  25. Nilsen L. Sustainable textile art? — An investigation into flame-retardants // News in Conservation. 2013. April. P. 7 – 10.
  26. Smith R. Television puppets from 1960s and 1970s: creation, materials and conservation // The future of the 20th century: Collecting, interpreting and conserving modern materials / C. Rogerson, P. Garside (eds.). AHRC RCTCTS Second Annual Conference, 2005, London, UK. Archetype Publications. 2006. P.137 – 138.